शब्दावली

Aliasing (Audio)

Audio Aliasing

Distortion occurring when audio frequencies above the Nyquist limit are sampled, producing false lower frequencies.

Audio Codec

Software that encodes raw audio into a compressed format and decodes it back for playback (e.g. MP3, AAC, FLAC).

Audio Fingerprint

Acoustic Fingerprinting

A compact digital summary of an audio signal used to identify songs or detect duplicate content.

Bit Depth (Audio)

Audio Bit Depth

The number of bits in each audio sample, determining the dynamic range and noise floor (e.g. 16-bit, 24-bit).

Bitrate

Bitrate (Data Rate)

वह दर जिस पर डेटा ट्रांसमिट या प्रोसेस किया जाता है, जो प्रति सेकंड बिट्स में मापा जाता है। ऑडियो और वीडियो में, बिटरेट सीधे गुणवत्ता और फ़ाइल आकार को प्रभावित करता है।

Channel

Channel (Audio Signal Path)

ऑडियो में एक अलग सिग्नल पाथ जो एक विशिष्ट ऑडियो स्ट्रीम ले जाता है। मल्टीपल चैनल स्थानिक ऑडियो अनुभव (स्टीरियो, सराउंड साउंड) बनाते हैं।

Chorus Effect

Audio Chorus Effect

An effect that duplicates a signal with slight pitch and timing variations to simulate multiple voices or instruments.

Clipping

Clipping (Audio Distortion)

ऑडियो विकृति जो तब होती है जब सिग्नल रिकॉर्डिंग या प्लेबैक सिस्टम के अधिकतम स्तर से अधिक हो जाता है, जिससे तरंग के शिखर कट जाते हैं।

De-esser

Audio De-esser

A specialized compressor targeting sibilant frequencies (4-10 kHz) to reduce harsh 's' and 'sh' sounds in vocals.

Dithering (Audio)

Audio Dithering

Adding low-level random noise when reducing bit depth to mask quantization distortion and preserve detail.

Dynamic Range

Audio Dynamic Range

The difference between the quietest and loudest parts of an audio signal, measured in decibels.

FLAC

Free Lossless Audio Codec

An open-source audio codec that compresses audio without any loss in quality, reducing file sizes by 50-70%.

Loudness War

The trend of increasing audio loudness in mastering at the expense of dynamic range, countered by LUFS standards.

Pitch

Audio Pitch

The perceived frequency of a sound, determining how high or low a tone sounds to the listener.

Sample Rate

Sample Rate (Sampling Frequency)

प्रति सेकंड कितनी बार एनालॉग ऑडियो सिग्नल को मापा जाता है और डिजिटल मान में बदला जाता है, इसकी आवृत्ति।

Codec

Codec (Coder-Decoder)

एक एल्गोरिदम या सॉफ़्टवेयर जो डिजिटल ऑडियो/वीडियो डेटा को एन्कोड (कम्प्रेस) और डीकोड (डीकम्प्रेस) करता है, कम्प्रेशन दक्षता, गुणवत्ता और प्रोसेसिंग आवश्यकताओं का संतुलन बनाता है।

Waveform

Waveform (Audio Visual Representation)

ऑडियो सिग्नल का ग्राफ़िकल प्रतिनिधित्व जो समय के साथ आयाम (लाउडनेस) में परिवर्तन दिखाता है, ऑडियो कंटेंट का विज़ुअल ओवरव्यू प्रदान करता है।

Equalization

Equalization (Frequency Balance Adjustment)

ऑडियो सिग्नल में विभिन्न आवृत्ति बैंड के स्तरों को समायोजित करने की प्रक्रिया, जिससे ऑडियो के टोनल बैलेंस को आकार दिया जा सके।

Noise Reduction

Noise Reduction (Audio Cleanup)

ऑडियो रिकॉर्डिंग से अवांछित पृष्ठभूमि ध्वनियों (हिस, हम, पर्यावरणीय शोर) को हटाने या कम करने की प्रक्रिया, जिससे वांछित ऑडियो कंटेंट की स्पष्टता बढ़ जाती है।

Fade

Fade (Audio Volume Transition)

ऑडियो एडिटिंग में एक संक्रमण प्रभाव जो ध्वनि को धीरे-धीरे शुरू (फ़ेड इन) या समाप्त (फ़ेड आउट) करता है, कठोर कट को सुचारू बनाता है।

Compression (Audio)

Dynamic Range Compression

Reducing the volume difference between the loudest and quietest parts of an audio signal.

PCM

Pulse-Code Modulation

The standard method of digitally representing analog audio signals by sampling amplitude at regular intervals.

Mono

Monaural Audio

Audio reproduced through a single channel, where all sound comes from one source.

Spectrogram

Audio Spectrogram

A visual representation of audio frequencies over time, showing the spectrum of a signal.

Tempo

Audio Tempo

The speed or pace of an audio track, measured in beats per minute (BPM).

Reverb

Reverberation

The persistence of sound in a space after the original sound stops, simulated digitally for spatial effects.

Limiter

Audio Limiter

A compressor with a very high ratio that prevents audio from exceeding a set maximum level.

Delay

Audio Delay Effect

An effect that records and plays back audio after a set time interval, creating echo and rhythmic repetitions.

Noise Gate

Audio Noise Gate

A processor that silences audio below a threshold level, eliminating background noise between sounds.

Sidechain

Sidechain Processing

Using one audio signal to control the processing of another, commonly used to duck music under voiceover.

LUFS

Loudness Units Full Scale

A standardized loudness measurement reflecting perceived volume, used for broadcast and streaming normalization targets.

RMS Level

Root Mean Square Level

An average audio level measurement that better represents perceived loudness than peak level readings.

Peak Level

Audio Peak Level

The highest instantaneous amplitude in an audio signal, used to prevent clipping and set headroom.

Stereo Imaging

Techniques for widening, narrowing, or repositioning the perceived stereo field of an audio mix.

Frequency Spectrum

Audio Frequency Spectrum

The range of frequencies present in an audio signal, typically from 20 Hz (bass) to 20 kHz (treble) for human hearing.

Harmonic Distortion

Total Harmonic Distortion

The presence of frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental, sometimes added intentionally for warmth.

Nyquist Frequency

Half the sample rate, representing the highest frequency that can be accurately captured in digital audio.

Psychoacoustics

The study of how humans perceive sound, informing audio compression, spatial audio, and loudness standards.

Crossfade

Audio Crossfade

A smooth transition between two audio clips where one fades out while the other fades in simultaneously.

Audio Watermark

Audio Watermarking

Embedding imperceptible identifying data into an audio signal for copyright tracking and content identification.

Spatial Audio

3D sound technology that positions audio sources in virtual space around the listener using HRTF and head tracking.

Normalization

Normalization (Audio Level Adjustment)

समग्र वॉल्यूम स्तर को समान बनाने या अवधारणात्मक लाउडनेस को मानकीकृत करने के लिए ऑडियो सिग्नल के आयाम को समायोजित करने की प्रक्रिया।

Mid-Side Processing

Mid-Side Audio Processing

A technique separating stereo audio into center (mid) and sides signals for independent processing.

Stereo

Stereophonic Audio

Audio using two independent channels (left and right) to create a sense of spatial width.