XML（可扩展标记语言）

XML 是一种灵活的标记语言，使用用户定义的标签来表示结构化数据。它广泛用于配置文件、数据订阅（RSS、Atom）、办公文档格式（DOCX、ODT）和企业数据交换（SOAP、SVG、XHTML）。

MIME 类型

application/xml

类型

文本

压缩

无损

优点

+ Self-describing with user-defined tags and schemas
+ Mature ecosystem: XPath, XSLT, XSD, SAX/DOM parsers
+ Standard for RSS/Atom feeds, SVG, XHTML, and SOAP
+ Supports namespaces for mixing vocabularies

缺点

− Verbose syntax compared to JSON or YAML
− Parsing is slower and more memory-intensive than JSON
− Largely replaced by JSON for web APIs

何时使用 .XML

在文档标记、需要验证模式的配置文件、SOAP 服务和传统企业集成中使用 XML。

技术细节

XML 文档具有由元素组成的树形结构，包含开始和结束标签、属性和文本内容。模式（XSD、DTD、RELAX NG）用于验证结构，XSLT 可将 XML 转换为其他格式。

历史

W3C 于 1998 年发布了 XML 1.0，作为 SGML 的简化子集。在 2000 年代，XML 成为企业数据交换的基础，支撑着 SOAP Web 服务、RSS 订阅和办公文档格式。

从 .XML 转换

.xml → .bson .xml → .c .xml → .cpp .xml → .csv .xml → .geojson .xml → .go .xml → .gpx .xml → .hdf5 .xml → .html .xml → .ics .xml → .java .xml → .js .xml → .json .xml → .kml .xml → .md .xml → .msgpack .xml → .ndjson .xml → .ods .xml → .parquet .xml → .protobuf .xml → .py .xml → .rs .xml → .sql .xml → .sqlite .xml → .toml .xml → .ts .xml → .tsv .xml → .vcf .xml → .xlsx .xml → .yaml .xml → .yml

转换为 .XML

.bson → .xml .c → .xml .cpp → .xml .csv → .xml .geojson → .xml .go → .xml .gpx → .xml .hdf5 → .xml .html → .xml .ics → .xml .java → .xml .js → .xml .json → .xml .kml → .xml .md → .xml .msgpack → .xml .ndjson → .xml .ods → .xml .parquet → .xml .protobuf → .xml .py → .xml .rs → .xml .sql → .xml .sqlite → .xml .toml → .xml .ts → .xml .tsv → .xml .vcf → .xml .xlsx → .xml .yaml → .xml .yml → .xml

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使用场景

T Converting Legacy Data Formats for System Migration

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